Ka moolelo oAlanui holo 'Olumepikahōʻike i nā ʻano ākea o ka ʻenehana haʻuki, ke kūkulu ʻana, a me nā mea hana. Eia kahi nānā kikoʻī i kā lākou ulu ʻana:
ʻOlumepika kahiko
- Nā mele mua (ma kahi o 776 BC):ʻO nā pāʻani 'Olumepika mua i mālama ʻia ma Olympia, Helene, he hanana hoʻokahi i kapa ʻia ka heihei stadion, ma kahi o 192 mika ka lōʻihi. He ala lepo maʻalahi ke ala.
ʻOlumepika o kēia wā
- 1896 ʻOlumepika ʻAtenai:Ua hōʻike ʻia nā pāʻani ʻOlumepika mua loa i kahi ala holo ma ka Panathenaic Stadium, he ala pololei 333.33 mika i hana ʻia me ka pōhaku a me ke one, kūpono no nā lāhui like ʻole me ka 100m, 400m, a me nā mamao lōʻihi.
Kakahiaka 20th Century
- 1908 Lādana 'Olumepika:He 536.45 mika ka lōʻihi o ke ala ma ke kahua pāʻani ʻo White City, e hoʻokomo ana i kahi ʻili cinder, kahi i hāʻawi ai i kahi ʻano holo like a kala ʻia ma mua o ka lepo. ʻO kēia ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ala cinder i ka haʻuki.
Mawaena o ke Keneturia 20
- 1920s-1950s:Ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā ana o ka track, me ka lōʻihi maʻamau i lilo i 400 mika, e hōʻike ana i ka cinder a i ʻole ka pālolo. Ua hōʻailona ʻia nā alahele e hōʻoia i ka pono o ka hoʻokūkū.
- 1956 Melbourne 'Olumepika:Ua hana ʻia ke alahele o ka Melbourne Cricket Ground me ka pōhaku ʻulaʻula a me ka honua, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻokolohua o ka wā me nā mea like ʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hana.
ʻAha Synthetic
- Nā 'Olumepika o Mexico City i ka makahiki 1968:He wahi hoʻololi koʻikoʻi kēia no ka mea ua hana ʻia ke ala me nā mea synthetic (Tartan track), i hoʻolauna ʻia e ka Hui 3M. Hāʻawi ka ʻili synthetic i ka traction ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ka lōʻihi, a me ka pale ʻana i ka wā, e hoʻomaikaʻi nui ana i nā hana a nā mea pāʻani.
Ka hopena o ke kenekulia 20
-1976 Montreal 'Olumepika: Ua hōʻike ʻia ka track i kahi ʻili synthetic i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia, i lilo i mea maʻamau hou no nā mele ʻoihana a puni ka honua. Ua ʻike kēia au i ka hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻana i ka hoʻolālā track, e kālele ana i ka palekana o ka mea haʻuki a me ka hana.
Alanui Hou
- 1990s-I kēia manawa: Hana ʻia nā ala ʻOlumepika o kēia wā me nā mea synthetic-based polyurethane kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻolālā ʻia nā ʻili no ka hana maikaʻi loa, me ka cushioning e hōʻemi i ka hopena i nā hui o nā mea holo. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia mau ala i 400 mika ka lōʻihi, me ʻewalu a ʻeiwa mau ala, ʻo kēlā me kēia 1.22 mika ka laulā.
- 2008 Pekina 'Olumepika: Ua hōʻike ʻia ka National Stadium, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Bird's Nest, i kahi ala synthetic ʻokiʻoki i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana a hōʻemi i nā ʻeha. Hoʻokomo pinepine kēia mau mele i ka ʻenehana e ana pono i ka manawa o ka poʻe haʻuki a me nā ana ʻē aʻe.
Nā holomua ʻenehana
-Nā mele akamai:ʻO nā holomua hou loa e pili ana i ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka ʻenehana akamai, me nā sensor i hoʻopili ʻia e nānā i nā metric hana e like me ka wikiwiki, nā manawa hoʻokaʻawale, a me ka lōʻihi o ka wāwae i ka manawa maoli. Kōkua kēia mau mea hou i ke aʻo ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i ka hana.
Kaiapuni a me ka hoomau ana
- ʻO nā mea pili i ka ʻenehana:Ua neʻe pū ka manaʻo i ka hoʻomau, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea eco-friendly a me nā ʻenehana hana e hōʻemi i ka hopena o ke kaiapuni. ʻO nā mea hana hou a me nā kaʻina hana hoʻomau e lilo i mea maʻamau. E like me ke ala holo kaa i hana mua ia.
Nā Kūlana Kūlana Rubber Holomua
Nā kikoʻī | Nui |
Ka lōʻihi | 19 mika |
Laulā | 1.22-1.27 mika |
mānoanoa | 8 mm - 20 mm |
Kala: E ʻoluʻolu e nānā i ke kāleka kala. Hiki ke kūkākūkā pū ke kala kūikawā. |
Kāleka waihoʻoluʻu no ka holo ʻana o ka Rubber Track
Nā Kūlana Alanui Holoi Rubber i hana mua ʻia
Nā mea kikoʻī o ka holo ʻana o ka Rubber
Lapa pale ʻaʻahu
Mānoanoa: 4mm ±1mm
Honeycomb airbag hale
Ma kahi o 8400 perforations no ka mika square
Lapa kumu lohi
Mānoanoa: 9mm ±1mm
Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo
ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ala holo ʻOlumepika ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā holomua i ka ʻepekema waiwai, ʻenekinia, a me ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻike o ka hana haʻuki a me ka palekana. Mai nā ala lepo maʻalahi ma Helene kahiko a hiki i nā papa hana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe i nā kahua pāʻani o kēia wā, ua kōkua kēlā me kēia hoʻololi ʻana i nā kūlana heihei wikiwiki, palekana, a ʻoi aku ka paʻa no nā mea haʻuki a puni ka honua.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-19-2024